一、Ansible简介

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一款基于ssh的自动化运维工具，通过调用模块来实现特定的功能

二、Ansible参数、作用、配置

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# 实验准备
一台控制机，多台节点机，此处为Openeuler

三、安装配置

1.控制节点

安装Ansible
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# 安装ansible，centos需要安装拓展源才能下载，且ansible默认开启
yum install ansible -y

# 重命名
hostnamectl set-hostname controller
bash
修改配置文件
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# 修改hosts
192.168.60.11	node1
192.168.60.12	node2
192.168.60.13	node3

# 建立主机清单
vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[group1]
node3

[group2]
node1
node2

# 查看创建的组
ansible-inventory --graph

建立无密码SSH
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# 生成密钥，在当前目录下的.ssh目录下
ssh-keygen

# ssh无密码登录
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1

# 实验ping，必须先SSH登录上去，首次登录可能需要密码
ansible all -m ping

# 清除旧密钥
ssh-keygen -f  "/root/.ssh/known_hosts" -R 192.168.0.1

其中 -f filename     指定密钥文件名。
	-R hostname   从 known_hosts 文件中删除所有属于 hostname 的密钥。

Ansible的使用
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# -m -a ，模块、参数
"name=httpd state=present"

# 自定义

ansible group2 -m copy -a "src=/root/index.html"

# 模块的使用
ansible-doc -l
ansible-doc [模块名]

# 编辑剧本
vim installhttpd.yml

2.受控节点

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# 重命名
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
bash
hostnamectl set-hostname node2
bash
hostnamectl set-hostname node3
bash

3.脚本搭建网页（示例）

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---
- name: 	//描述信息，中间有空格
  hosts: all	//针对的对象
  tasks:
 		- name:
 		 yum:	//使用的模块，yum的作用是安装
 			name: httpd	//注意空一格再写参数，否则不生效
 			state: present	//安装的意思
 			
 		- name:
 		 service:	//使用的模块，功能是启动或关闭服务
 			name: httpd
 			state: started
 			enabled: yes
 		- name:
 		 copy:	
 			src: index.html
 			dest: /var/www/html/index.html

4.脚本搭建网站（实例）

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---
- name: 
  hosts: all
  tasks:
 		- name:
 		 yum:
 			name: httpd
 			state: present
 		- name:
 		 service:
 			name: httpd
 			state: started
 			enabled: yes
 		- name:
 		 template:
 		 	src: index.html
 		 	dest: /var/www/html/index.html
 		- name:
 		  file:
 		  		path: /var/www/html/index.html
 		  		state: file
 		  		owner: apache
 		  		group: apache
# 使用脚本搭建网页 		  		
ansible-playbook installhttp.yml

# 移除安装的软件
ansible all -m yum -a "naem=httpd state=remove"

5.普通分区

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# 查看分区
fdisk /dev/sda

# 创建物理卷
pvcreate /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2

# 创建卷组
vgcreate data /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2

# 创建逻辑卷
lvcreate -n wwwroot -L 5G data

# 扩容
lvextend -L 15G /dev/data/wwwroot

# 减容
lvreduce -L 10G /dev/data/wwwroot

# 删除分区
lvremove /dev/data/wwwroot

6.ansible自动分区

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---
- name: 创建逻辑卷
  hosts: all
  tasks:
  		- name: 创建卷组
  		  lvg:
  		  		vg: data
  		  		pvs: /dev/sda
  		  		pesize: 20G
  		- name: 创建逻辑卷ftp
  		  lvol:
  		  		vg: data
  		  		lv: ftp
  		  		size: 10G
  		- name: 创建逻辑卷samba
  		  lvol:
  		  		vg: data
  		  		lv: samba
  		  		size: 10G
  		  		
  		- name:
  		  filesystem:
  		  		fstype: ext4
  		  		dev: /dev/data/ftp
  		  		
  		- name:
  		  filesystem:
  		  		fstype: ext4
  		  		dev: /dev/data/ftp

7.ansible实现LNMP

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# LNMP，即Linux、Nginx、Mariadb和PHP，作用是部署网站

---
- name:
  hosts: all
  tasks:
          - name: install mariadb
            yum:
                   name: "{{ item }}"
                   state: installed
            loop:
                  - MySQL-python
                  - mariadb
                  - mariadb-server

          - name: start mariadb
            service:
                   name: mariadb
                   state: started
                   enabled: yes

          - name: set_password
            mysql_user:
                    user: root
                    password: '123456'

          - name: create_db
            mysql_db:
                    login_user: root
                    login_password: '123456'
                    login_host: localhost
                    name: wordpress
                    state: present

          - name: create_user
            mysql_user:
                    login_user: root
                    login_password: '123456'
                    name: admin
                    password: 123456
                    host: localhost
                    priv: '*.*:ALL'
                    state: present

          - name: resart_DB
            service:
                    name: mariadb
                    state: restarted

# Nginx

---
- name:
  hosts: group
  tasks:      
          - name: yuan
            copy: 
                src: /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
                dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
                
          - name: 清除缓存
            shell: yum clean all
            
          - name: 生成缓存
            shell: yum makecache     
 
          - name: install nginx 
            shell: yum -y install nginx
           
          - name: start nginx
            service:
                   name: nginx
                   state: started
                   enabled: yes
                   
                   
# PHP